Airport. For the purposes of this
section, civil airport shall refer to Newport News-Williamsburg International Airport, and
military airport shall refer to Camp Peary Field and Langley Air Force Base.
Airport elevation. The established elevation of the highest point on
any usable landing surface expressed in feet above mean sea level.
Airport safety zone. All of the area and airspace of the county lying
equal to or above an approach surface, approach clearance surface, clear zone surface,
conical surface, horizontal surface, inner horizontal surface, outer horizontal surface,
primary surface, or transitional surface as they apply to civil and military airports in
the county or its environs. These zones are established as overlay zones, superimposed
upon the underlying zoning districts, that do not affect the uses and activities of the
underlying zoning districts except as provided in this section. The specific airport
safety zones are as follows:
Airport zone. A zone that is centered
about the runway and primary surface of an airport. For a civil airport, the floor of the
airport zone is set by the horizontal surface, and for a military airport it is set by the
inner horizontal surface.
Approach zone. A zone that extends away from the end of the primary
surface of an airport along the extended runway centerline, the floor of which is set by
either the approach surface (for a civil airport) or the approach clearance surface (for a
military airport).
Conical zone. A zone, the floor of which is set by the conical surface,
that circles around the periphery of and outward from the horizontal surface of a civil
airport or from the inner surface of a military airport.
Outer airport zone. A zone that is centered about the runway and
primary surface of a military airport, the floor of which is set by the outer horizontal
surface.
Transitional zone. A zone that fans away perpendicular to the runway
centerline and approach surfaces, with the floor set by the transitional surfaces.
Approach clearance surface. For a military airport, an imaginary
surface represented by an inclined plane, symmetrical about the runway centerline
extended, beginning two hundred feet (200') [60m] beyond each end of the primary surface
at the centerline elevation of the runway end and extending for fifty thousand feet
(50,000') [15km]. The slope of the approach clearance surface is fifty to one (50:1) along
the runway centerline extended until it reaches an elevation of five hundred feet (500')
[150m] above the established airport elevation. It then continues horizontally at this
elevation to a point fifty thousand feet (50,000') [15km] from the point of beginning. The
width of this surface at the runway end is the same as the primary surface; it flares
uniformly, and the width at fifty thousand feet (50,000') [15km] is sixteen thousand feet
(16,000') [4800m].
Approach surface. For a civil airport, an imaginary surface
longitudinally centered on the extended runway centerline, extending upward and outward
from the end of the primary surface at a slope of fifty to one (50:1) for a horizontal
distance of ten thousand feet (10,000') 3km], thereafter at a slope of forty to one (40:1)
for an additional horizontal distance of forty thousand feet (40,000'). The inner edge of
the approach surface is the same width as the primary surface, and it expands uniformly to
a width of sixteen thousand feet (16,000') [4800m].
Conical surface. For a civil airport, an imaginary surface extending
outward and upward from the periphery of the horizontal surface at a slope of twenty to
one (20:1) for a horizontal distance of four thousand feet (4,000') [1200m]. For a
military airport, an imaginary surface extending outward and upward from the periphery of
the inner horizontal surface at a slope of twenty to one (20:1) for a horizontal distance
of seven thousand feet (7,000') [2100m] to a height of five hundred feet (500') [150m]
above the established airfield elevation.
Hazard to air navigation. An obstruction determined by the Virginia
Department of Aviation or the Federal Aviation Administration to have a substantial
adverse effect on the safe and efficient utilization of navigable airspace in the
Commonwealth.
Horizontal surface. An imaginary surface represented by a horizontal
plane one hundred fifty feet (150') [45m] above the established airport elevation for any
civil airport, the perimeter of which is constructed by swinging arcs of a 10,000-foot
[3km] radius from the center of each end of the primary surface of each runway and
connecting the adjacent arcs by lines tangent to those arcs.
Inner horizontal surface: An imaginary surface represented by a
horizontal plane that is oval in shape at a height of one hundred fifty feet (150') [45m]
above the established airfield elevation of any military airport. The plane is constructed
by scribing an arc with a radius of seven thousand five hundred feet (7,500') [2250m]
about the centerline at the end of each runway and interconnecting these arcs with
tangents.
Obstruction. Any structure, growth, or other object, including a mobile object, which
exceeds the maximum height for the zone in which it is located as set forth in section
24-371(d) and as shown on the airport safety zone map.
Outer horizontal surface. An imaginary surface represented by a horizontal plane,
located five hundred feet (500') [150m] above the established airfield elevation of any
military airport, extending outward from the outer periphery of the conical surface for a
horizontal distance of thirty thousand feet (30,000') [9km].
Primary surface. An imaginary surface longitudinally centered on a runway. For a civil
airport, the primary surface extends two hundred feet (200') [60m] beyond each runway end
and has a width of one thousand feet (1,000') [300m]. For a military airport, the primary
surface has the same length as the runway and a width of two thousand feet (2,000')
[600m].
Runway. A specified area on an airport or airfield prepared for landing and takeoff of
aircraft.
Transitional surface. For a civil airport, an imaginary surface extending outward and
upward at right angles to the runway centerline and the runway centerline extended at a
slope of seven to one (7:1) from the sides of the primary surface and from the sides of
the approach surfaces. Transitional surfaces for those portions of the approach surface
which project through and beyond the limits of the conical surface extend a distance of
five thousand feet (5,000') [1500m] measured horizontally from the edge of the approach
surface and at right angles to the runway centerline. For a military airport, imaginary
surfaces which connect the primary surfaces, the first two hundred feet (200') [60m] of
the clear zone surfaces, and the approach clearance surfaces to the inner horizontal
surface, conical surface, outer horizontal surface, or other transitional surfaces. The
slope of the transitional surface is seven to one (7:1) outward and upward at right angles
to the runway centerline.